GeneXpert rollout in three high-burden tuberculosis countries in Africa: A review of pulmonary tuberculosis diagnosis and outcomes from 2001 to 2019
African Journal of Laboratory Medicine
| Field | Value | |
| Title | GeneXpert rollout in three high-burden tuberculosis countries in Africa: A review of pulmonary tuberculosis diagnosis and outcomes from 2001 to 2019 | |
| Creator | Williams, Victor Calnan, Marianne Edem, Bassey Onwuchekwa, Chukwuemeka Okoro, Chika Candari, Christine Cruz, Rhodora Otwombe, Kennedy | |
| Description | Background: The rollout of GeneXpert aimed at increasing early diagnosis of tuberculosis to improve treatment outcomes and global tuberculosis targets.Objective: This study evaluated trends in tuberculosis diagnosis and outcomes pre- and post-introduction of GeneXpert in three African countries – the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), Nigeria and South Africa.Methods: Data from 2001 to 2019 were extracted from the World Health Organization’s data repository. Descriptive analysis, paired t-tests and interrupted time series models were used.Results: Estimated tuberculosis incidence decreased from 327/100 000 to 324/100 000 in the DRC, and from 1220/100 000 to 988/100 000 in South Africa. Incidence remained at 219/100 000 in Nigeria. The tuberculosis case notification rate did not change significantly. Increases in the new case treatment success rates were statistically significant (DRC: p = 0.0201; Nigeria: p = 0.0001; South Africa: p = 0.0017); decreases in mortality were also statistically significant (DRC: p = 0.0264; Nigeria: p = 0.0001; South Africa: p 0.0001). Time series models showed insignificant increases in new tuberculosis cases in DRC (n = 1856, p = 0.085) and Nigeria (n = 785, p = 0.555) from 2011 to 2019; and a statistically significant decrease in South Africa (n = 15 269, p = 0.006).Conclusion: Improvements in tuberculosis treatment outcomes were achieved, but little progress has been made in new case notification due to varied implementation and scale-up of GeneXpert across the three countries. Implementation barriers need to be addressed to achieve the required tuberculosis targets. | |
| Publisher | AOSIS | |
| Date | 2022-08-30 | |
| Identifier | 10.4102/ajlm.v11i1.1811 | |
| Source | African Journal of Laboratory Medicine; Vol 11, No 1 (2022); 8 pages 2225-2010 2225-2002 | |
| Language | eng | |
| Relation |
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https://ajlmonline.org/index.php/ajlm/article/view/1811/2368
https://ajlmonline.org/index.php/ajlm/article/view/1811/2369
https://ajlmonline.org/index.php/ajlm/article/view/1811/2370
https://ajlmonline.org/index.php/ajlm/article/view/1811/2372
https://ajlmonline.org/index.php/ajlm/article/view/1811/2371
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