Bacterial infections in hospitalised severely malnourished children in Durban, South Africa
Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases
| Field | Value | |
| Title | Bacterial infections in hospitalised severely malnourished children in Durban, South Africa | |
| Creator | Nyamurenje, Lionel Archary, Moherndran | |
| Description | Background: Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) results in alterations of host defence mechanisms, which leads to increased susceptibility to infections. This study describes culture-confirmed bacterial infections in a cohort of HIV-negative severely malnourished children and compares it with a previously described cohort of HIV-positive children.Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted of all HIV-negative children with SAM admitted to King Edward Hospital, Durban between January 1, 2015 and December 31, 2015. All positive bacterial cultures obtained within 2 days of admission (admission infections) and during 2 to 30 days of admissions (hospital acquired infections) were documented. A cohort of HIV-positive children with SAM was prospectively recruited between July 2012 and February 2015 at the same facility for the MATCH study.Results: A total of 101 patients were eligible for the study, 53% were HIV unexposed; 73% of the total 250 cultures obtained were during admission. Escherichia coli (E. coli) contributed 26% of all positive cultures on admission. Significant differences were noted in laboratory variables between HIV-negative vs. HIV-positive children admitted with SAM. Extended-spectrum betalactamase (ESBL) producers in HIV-positive patients constituted 40% of all Gram-negative isolates vs. 24% in HIV-negative patients.Conclusion: Gram-negative organisms remain an area of concern in both HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients with SAM with resistant organisms more prevalent in HIV-positive patients. Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV reduces prevalence and incidence of HIV, which has been shown to contribute to the burden of bacterial infections in malnourished children. | |
| Publisher | AOSIS Publishing | |
| Date | 2018-08-13 | |
| Identifier | 10.4102/sajid.v33i5.139 | |
| Source | Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases; Vol 33, No 5 (2018) 2313-1810 2312-0053 | |
| Language | eng | |
| Relation |
The following web links (URLs) may trigger a file download or direct you to an alternative webpage to gain access to a publication file format of the published article:
https://sajid.co.za/index.php/sajid/article/view/139/97
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