Similar HIV protection from four weeks of zidovudine versus nevirapine prophylaxis among formula-fed infants in Botswana
Southern African Journal of HIV Medicine
| Field | Value | |
| Title | Similar HIV protection from four weeks of zidovudine versus nevirapine prophylaxis among formula-fed infants in Botswana | |
| Creator | Powis, Kathleen M. Lockman, Shahin Ajibola, Gbolahan Hughes, Michael D. Bennett, Kara Leidner, Jean Batlang, Oganne Botebele, Kerapetse Moyo, Sikhulile van Widenfelt, Erik Makhema, Joseph Petlo, Chipo Jibril, Haruna B. McIntosh, Kenneth Essex, Max Shapiro, Roger L. | |
| Description | Background: The World Health Organization HIV guidelines recommend either infant zidovudine (ZDV) or nevirapine (NVP) prophylaxis for the prevention of intrapartum motherto-child HIV transmission (MTCT) among formula-fed infants. No study has evaluated the comparative efficacy of infant prophylaxis with twice daily ZDV versus once daily NVP in exclusively formula-fed HIV-exposed infants. Methods: Using data from the Mpepu Study, a Botswana-based clinical trial investigating whether prophylactic co-trimoxazole could improve infant survival, retrospective analyses of MTCT events and Division of AIDS (DAIDS) Grade 3 or Grade 4 occurrences of anaemia or neutropenia were performed among infants born full-term (≥ 37 weeks gestation), with a birth weight ≥ 2500 g and who were formula-fed from birth. ZDV infant prophylaxis was used from Mpepu Study inception. A protocol modification mid-way through the study led to the subsequent use of NVP infant prophylaxis. Results: Among infants qualifying for this secondary retrospective analysis, a total of 695 (52%) infants received ZDV, while 646 (48%) received NVP from birth for at least 25 days but no more than 35 days. Confirmed intrapartum HIV infection occurred in two (0.29%) ZDV recipients and three (0.46%) NVP recipients (p = 0.68). Anaemia occurred in 19 (2.7%) ZDV versus 12 (1.9%) NVP (p = 0.36) recipients. Neutropenia occurred in 28 (4.0%) ZDV versus 21 (3.3%) NVP recipients (p = 0.47). Conclusions: Both ZDV and NVP resulted in low intrapartum transmission rates and no significant differences in severe infant haematologic toxicity (DAIDS Grade 3 or Grade 4) among formula-fed full-term infants with a birthweight ≥ 2500 g. | |
| Publisher | AOSIS | |
| Date | 2018-03-28 | |
| Identifier | 10.4102/sajhivmed.v19i1.751 | |
| Source | Southern African Journal of HIV Medicine; Vol 19, No 1 (2018); 6 pages 2078-6751 1608-9693 | |
| Language | eng | |
| Relation |
The following web links (URLs) may trigger a file download or direct you to an alternative webpage to gain access to a publication file format of the published article:
https://sajhivmed.org.za/index.php/hivmed/article/view/751/1124
https://sajhivmed.org.za/index.php/hivmed/article/view/751/1126
https://sajhivmed.org.za/index.php/hivmed/article/view/751/1125
https://sajhivmed.org.za/index.php/hivmed/article/view/751/1123
|
|
ADVERTISEMENT
