Karma and spiritual warfare: The ‘back to sender’ practice in South African New Prophetic Churches

African Journal of Pentecostal Studies

 
 
Field Value
 
Title Karma and spiritual warfare: The ‘back to sender’ practice in South African New Prophetic Churches
 
Creator Ngubane, Simesihle E.
 
Subject Religion and culture New Prophetic Churches; karma; syncretism; creolisation; cosmic balance
Description Background: This article discusses the rapid rise of New Prophetic Churches (NPCs) in South Africa, a charismatic Christian movement focusing on spiritual gifts, prosperity and deliverance. It highlights the practice of ‘back to sender’, which involves prayers designed to reverse perceived spiritual attacks or misfortunes, often attributed to evil spirits or human enemies. The ‘back to sender’ concept emphasises divine intervention rather than fate and illustrates connections among African Neo-Pentecostal Christianity, African spiritualities and the idea of karma.Objectives: This study aims to analyse the ‘back to sender’ concept within NPCs and its sociocultural implications.Method: This article explores the dynamic world of NPCs, using a combination of descriptive and analytical methods to reveal its unique characteristics and the influence of syncretism as its theoretical framework.Results: The findings reveal that the ‘back to sender’ prayers not only serve as a coping mechanism for believers facing societal challenges, but also contribute to social tensions regarding accusations of witchcraft.Conclusion: The practice effectively blends African Traditional Religions with Neo-Pentecostal beliefs, offering a unique framework for addressing spiritual and social issues.Contribution: This article is crafted from a perspective rooted in the study of religion. This study enhances understanding of the intersection between religion, culture and social justice in contemporary South Africa, highlighting the role of spirituality in navigating real-world crises.
 
Publisher AOSIS
 
Contributor Simesihle Eric Ngubane, University of South Africa College of Human Sciences, Department of Christian Spirituality, Church History and Missiology,
Date 2026-03-30
 
Type info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion — —
Format text/html application/epub+zip text/xml application/pdf
Identifier 10.4102/ajops.v3i1.106
 
Source African Journal of Pentecostal Studies; Vol 3, No 1 (2026); 8 pages 3005-6136 3105-434X
 
Language eng
 
Relation
The following web links (URLs) may trigger a file download or direct you to an alternative webpage to gain access to a publication file format of the published article:

https://ajops.org/index.php/ajops/article/view/106/377 https://ajops.org/index.php/ajops/article/view/106/378 https://ajops.org/index.php/ajops/article/view/106/379 https://ajops.org/index.php/ajops/article/view/106/380
 
Coverage South Africa — —
Rights Copyright (c) 2026 Simesihle E. Ngubane https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
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