Seroprevalence and risk factors of Brucella antibodies among patients seeking medical attention at health facilities in selected districts of Western Province in Zambia

African Journal of Laboratory Medicine

 
 
Field Value
 
Title Seroprevalence and risk factors of Brucella antibodies among patients seeking medical attention at health facilities in selected districts of Western Province in Zambia
 
Creator Mambote, Armand M. Mfune, Ruth L. Daka, Victor Mubanga, Melai Mubiana, Mary Bumbangi, Flavien N. Chanda, Chitalu Muma, John B.
 
Subject Medicine;Infectious Disease;Public Health;Serology Brucella antibodies; human brucellosis intervention; risk factors; seroprevalence; Western Province; Zambia
Description Background: Brucellosis is a neglected zoonosis that impacts public health and livestock productivity. It is endemic in Zambia, particularly in regions with extensive livestock farming, such as the Western Province.Objective: This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of Brucella antibodies and identify risk factors for Brucella exposure among healthcare-seeking patients at health facilities in Western Province, Zambia.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from 16 December 2022 to 31 December 2023 among 197 patients at health facilities in Mongu, Senanga, and Limulunga districts of Western Province. Serum samples were collected and tested for Brucella antibodies using the Rose Bengal test (RBT) and competitive-enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. According to the serial interpretation of results, only sera that tested positive on RBT and competitive-enzyme linked immunosorbent assay were considered positive. A structured questionnaire was used to gather epidemiological data.Results: Most study participants were women (55.8%), married (54.31%), and had a primary level of education (55.33%). There was a 4.57% seroprevalence of Brucella antibodies. Most participants (67.01%) were unaware that Brucella affects humans, and 91.88% lacked knowledge about its mode of transmission to humans. Multivariable logistic regression model showed that the number of animals kept was a statistically significant risk factor (p  0.039) associated with human Brucella seropositivity.Conclusion: Brucella antibodies were detected among patients visiting health facilities in Western Province, Zambia. The number of animals kept was significantly associated with Brucella antibodies.What this study adds: This is the first study on the seroprevalence of Brucella antibodies in patients at health facilities in Zambia, addressing a research gap that has largely centred on livestock. This information will help to develop public health strategies for preventing and controlling human brucellosis intervention.
 
Publisher AOSIS
 
Contributor International Foundation Sciences (IFS), Africa Centre of Excellence for Infectious Diseases of Humans and Animals (ACEIDHA)
Date 2025-12-11
 
Type info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion — Cross-sectional survey
Format text/html application/epub+zip text/xml application/pdf
Identifier 10.4102/ajlm.v14i1.2885
 
Source African Journal of Laboratory Medicine; Vol 14, No 1 (2025); 7 pages 2225-2010 2225-2002
 
Language eng
 
Relation
The following web links (URLs) may trigger a file download or direct you to an alternative webpage to gain access to a publication file format of the published article:

https://ajlmonline.org/index.php/ajlm/article/view/2885/3368 https://ajlmonline.org/index.php/ajlm/article/view/2885/3369 https://ajlmonline.org/index.php/ajlm/article/view/2885/3370 https://ajlmonline.org/index.php/ajlm/article/view/2885/3371
 
Coverage Sub-Sahara Africa; Zambia — 10-60 years; male and female; African
Rights Copyright (c) 2025 Armand M. Mambote, Ruth L. Mfune, Victor Daka, Melai Mubanga, Mary Mubiana, Flavien N. Bumbangi, Chitalu Chanda, John B. Muma https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
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