Procalcitonin kinetics in the first 48 hours of ICU admission is associated with higher mortality in critically ill patients with community-acquired pneumonia in a setting of high HIV prevalence

Southern African Journal of Anaesthesia and Analgesia

 
 
Field Value
 
Title Procalcitonin kinetics in the first 48 hours of ICU admission is associated with higher mortality in critically ill patients with community-acquired pneumonia in a setting of high HIV prevalence
 
Creator Naidoo, K. De Vasconcellos, K. Skinner, D.L.
 
Subject — critical care; procalcitonin; intensive care; prognosis; severe community acquired pneumonia
Description Background: Severe community acquired pneumonia (CAP) commonly results in ICU admission and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Procalcitonin (PCT) may assist risk stratification and prediction of aetiology but is not well studied in critically ill patients with a high HIV prevalence. Methods: A retrospective observational study of patients admitted to ICU with a clinical diagnosis of CAP was undertaken. PCT on admission and at 48 hours was evaluated as a predictor of ICU outcome and pneumonia aetiology. Results: A total of 100 patients were included; 62% were HIV positive. Overall ICU mortality was 61%. PCT at admission and 48 hours was not associated with any outcome variables. A significant association was found between mortality and patients whose PCT levels increased or remained 10 ng/ml at 48 hours, compared with those that remained unchanged or decreased (67% vs. 41% p = 0.018). The commonest aetiology identified was Mycobacterium tuberculosis (n = 18, 21.4%). Patients with admission PCT levels 10 ng/ml were more likely to have positive bacterial cultures (OR = 3.14; 95% CI 1.11–9.73). Conclusions: Increasing or persistently elevated PCT predicts a higher mortality in critically ill patients with CAP. This suggests PCT kinetics may be useful in risk stratifying patients with CAP at 48 hours. While positive bacterial cultures are more likely in patients with high admission PCT, this assay does not allow for decisions to be made on antimicrobial management and is of limited clinical utility in critically ill patients with a high HIV prevalence and CAP.
 
Publisher AOSIS
 
Contributor
Date 2018-10-30
 
Type info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion — —
Format application/pdf
Identifier 10.1080/22201181.2018.1514787
 
Source Southern African Journal of Anaesthesia and Analgesia; Vol 24, No 5 (2018); 16-22 2220-1173 2220-1181
 
Language eng
 
Relation
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https://sajaa.co.za/index.php/sajaa/article/view/1111/1102
 
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Rights Copyright (c) 2018 K. Naidoo, K. De Vasconcellos, D.L. Skinner https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
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