Resistance, virulence and genetic diversity of Salmonella Typhimurium in South Africa (1999–2021)
Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research
| Field | Value | |
| Title | Resistance, virulence and genetic diversity of Salmonella Typhimurium in South Africa (1999–2021) | |
| Creator | Moatshe, Nkagiseng Seakamela, Emmanuel Mbatha, Khanyisile R. Bester, Linda A. Ntushelo, Nombasa Matle, Itumeleng | |
| Description | Salmonella Typhimurium is a major cause of human and animal salmonellosis, impacting global socioeconomic factors. This study examined antibiotic resistance patterns, virulence genes and plasmids in S. Typhimurium isolates from nine South African provinces (1999–2021). Among 180 randomly selected isolates, 129 were confirmed as S. Typhimurium from animal (n = 94), food (n = 16), environment (n = 7) and feed (n = 12) sources using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Phenotypic resistance was assessed against 13 antibiotics, revealing high resistance levels: 86.8% to ciprofloxacin, 69.0% to ceftriaxone and 65.1% to piperacillin. Multidrug resistance (up to 11 antibiotics) was observed. Genetic analysis identified resistance genes, including blaPSE (32.6%), blaCMY-2 (21.7%), tetA (24.0%), tetB (22.5%), qnrB (21.7%) and qnrA (20.2%). Class 1 integrons were found in 47.4% of isolates. Virulence genes were prevalent, including sopB (95.3%), sspH1 (82.9%), sifA (82.9%), pefA (79.8%), spvC (79.1%), sspH2 (77.5%), srgA (71.3%) and invA (100%). Plasmid analysis detected 2 kb, 8 kb and 90 kb plasmids, with the 90 kb plasmid being most common (71.3%). Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus (ERIC) PCR identified 44 clusters (A–RR), including 6 major clusters.Contribution: These findings highlight the urgent need for enhanced surveillance and intervention strategies to curb antibiotic resistance and virulence in S. Typhimurium populations in South Africa, stressing the importance of monitoring and control measures to address this public health threat. | |
| Publisher | AOSIS | |
| Date | 2025-10-06 | |
| Identifier | 10.4102/ojvr.v92i1.2217 | |
| Source | Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research; Vol 92, No 1 (2025); 14 pages 2219-0635 0030-2465 | |
| Language | eng | |
| Relation |
The following web links (URLs) may trigger a file download or direct you to an alternative webpage to gain access to a publication file format of the published article:
https://ojvr.org/index.php/ojvr/article/view/2217/2742
https://ojvr.org/index.php/ojvr/article/view/2217/2743
https://ojvr.org/index.php/ojvr/article/view/2217/2744
https://ojvr.org/index.php/ojvr/article/view/2217/2745
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