Trauma as a mediator of childhood adversity and mental illness in South Africa: A path analysis

South African Journal of Psychiatry

 
 
Field Value
 
Title Trauma as a mediator of childhood adversity and mental illness in South Africa: A path analysis
 
Creator Galvin, Michael D. Scheunemann, Ann Chiwaye, Lesley Luvuno, Zoleka Kim, Andrew W. Moolla, Aneesa
 
Subject psychology; anthropology; public health; psychiatry South Africa; Johannesburg; ACEs; trauma; mental health
Description Background: South Africa bears a high burden of adverse childhood events (ACEs), which have been identified as a primary factor that can lead to negative mental health outcomes for adults. While studies within South Africa have examined the associations between ACEs, adult trauma and adult mental illness, there is less knowledge of how these preceding factors interact to affect mental distress together and which ACEs are most likely to lead to adverse mental health outcomes.Aim: The main aim of this study was to explore the mediating effects of recent adult trauma on mental illness among patients at two psychiatric hospitals in Johannesburg, South Africa, using path analysis.Setting: This study took place at two public psychiatric facilities in Johannesburg, South Africa.Methods: Surveys were conducted with 309 adults living in Gauteng province. Mediational path analysis explored the association between ACEs, adult traumatic events, and depression, anxiety, and stress.Results: Adult traumatic events partially mediated the association between verbal abuse, emotional neglect, mental illness and substance use in the household as a child and adult mental illness. Adult traumatic events fully mediated the associations between experiencing domestic violence in childhood or child sexual abuse.Conclusion: This study highlights the importance of disaggregating ACEs when exploring their effects while also reinforcing previous findings that ACEs increase the likelihood of experiencing adult trauma and adult mental illness.Contribution: Future studies should further pinpoint which ACEs are most impactful and target those for prevention in childhood and intervention in adulthood to mitigate their deleterious impacts.
 
Publisher AOSIS
 
Contributor National Institute of Health
Date 2025-05-20
 
Type info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion — Survey
Format text/html application/epub+zip text/xml application/pdf
Identifier 10.4102/sajpsychiatry.v31i0.2276
 
Source South African Journal of Psychiatry; Vol 31 (2025); 10 pages 2078-6786 1608-9685
 
Language eng
 
Relation
The following web links (URLs) may trigger a file download or direct you to an alternative webpage to gain access to a publication file format of the published article:

https://sajp.org.za/index.php/sajp/article/view/2276/3887 https://sajp.org.za/index.php/sajp/article/view/2276/3888 https://sajp.org.za/index.php/sajp/article/view/2276/3889 https://sajp.org.za/index.php/sajp/article/view/2276/3890
 
Coverage South Africa; Johannesburg; Gauteng 2022 Psychiatry outpatients
Rights Copyright (c) 2025 Michael D. Galvin, Ann Scheunemann, Lesley Chiwaye, Zoleka Luvuno, Andrew W. Kim, Aneesa Moolla https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
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