Urinary lipoarabinomannan for diagnosis of Tuberculosis in an HIV-negative population: A scoping review
African Journal of Primary Health Care & Family Medicine
| Field | Value | |
| Title | Urinary lipoarabinomannan for diagnosis of Tuberculosis in an HIV-negative population: A scoping review | |
| Creator | Hirachund, Omishka Pillay, Somasundram | |
| Description | Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a leading cause of mortality in low-resource settings and poses a diagnostic challenge in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-negative populations because of limitations in traditional diagnostic methods such as sputum smear microscopy (SSM) and sputum Xpert Ultra. There is a lack of effective, non-invasive diagnostic options for TB diagnosis in HIV-negative populations. This scoping review explores the potential of urinary lipoarabinomannan (ULAM) as a point-of-care diagnostic tool for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) in HIV-negative individuals.Aim: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of ULAM in detecting TB among HIV-negative populations and assess its feasibility as a rapid, non-invasive diagnostic method.Method: A systematic search was conducted across PubMed, Google Scholar and Scopus. Articles were selected based on relevance to the topic.Results: The search yielded 210 articles, with 11 meeting our inclusion criteria. These studies reported varying diagnostic performance metrics for ULAM: sensitivity ranged from 10.0% to 66.7% and specificity from 90.0% to 98.1% among different assays. Notably, the studies demonstrated that the novel assays such as Electrochemiluminescence LAM and the second-generation FujiLAM showed higher sensitivities of 66.7% and 53.2%, respectively. Despite these advancements, the overall effectiveness of ULAM in HIV-negative populations remains limited, with standard assays exhibiting sensitivities as low as 10.0%.Conclusion: While ULAM holds potential as a diagnostic tool in HIV-associated TB, its application in HIV-negative populations is constrained by low sensitivity of the currently available assays.Contribution: The development and validation of high-sensitivity assays are crucial for broadening the utility of ULAM in these populations. | |
| Publisher | AOSIS | |
| Date | 2024-12-04 | |
| Identifier | 10.4102/phcfm.v16i1.4733 | |
| Source | African Journal of Primary Health Care & Family Medicine; Vol 16, No 1 (2024); 6 pages 2071-2936 2071-2928 | |
| Language | eng | |
| Relation |
The following web links (URLs) may trigger a file download or direct you to an alternative webpage to gain access to a publication file format of the published article:
https://phcfm.org/index.php/phcfm/article/view/4733/7763
https://phcfm.org/index.php/phcfm/article/view/4733/7764
https://phcfm.org/index.php/phcfm/article/view/4733/7765
https://phcfm.org/index.php/phcfm/article/view/4733/7766
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