Ocular surface squamous neoplasia: Population demographics, pathogenesis and risk factors
African Vision and Eye Health
| Field | Value | |
| Title | Ocular surface squamous neoplasia: Population demographics, pathogenesis and risk factors | |
| Creator | Hollhumer, Roland Williams, Susan Michelow, Pamela | |
| Description | Background: Ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) is a unifying term used to describe conjunctival intra-epithelial neoplasia, squamous cell carcinoma in situ and invasive squamous cell carcinoma.Aim: The aim of this article was to describe the demographics, clinical features, pathogenesis and risk factors of OSSN.Method: A literature search was conducted using the search criteria ‘ocular surface squamous neoplasia’, ‘diagnosis’, ‘epidemiology’, ‘pathogenesis’ and ‘risk factors’.Results: Ocular surface squamous neoplasia is the most common ocular tumour, with incidence rates ranging from 0.01 to 3.4 per 100 000 persons/year. There are two main patterns of disease presentation: older white males in temperate climates where human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and human papilloma virus (HPV) are not associated; and a younger patient population in tropical climates where HIV and HPV are more prevalent. The pathogenesis primarily revolves around ultraviolet B exposure and HPV infection that cause genetic mutations and uncontrolled cellular proliferation, whilst HIV infection and vitamin A impair tumour surveillance mechanisms. Ocular surface squamous neoplasia is first suspected clinically before formal confirmation of the diagnosis. Morphologically, it can be divided into three groups: placoid, nodular and diffuse. Placoid lesions can further be sub-divided into gelatinous, leukoplakic and papilliform lesions. Nodular lesions have the poorest prognosis, with the highest risk of metastasis and recurrence.Conclusion: Ocular surface squamous neoplasia is a common ocular tumour associated with ultraviolet radiation, HPV and HIV infection. The pathogenesis revolves around acquired genetic mutations, unregulated cellular proliferation and impaired tumour surveillance mechanisms. | |
| Publisher | AOSIS | |
| Date | 2020-06-23 | |
| Identifier | 10.4102/aveh.v79i1.553 | |
| Source | African Vision and Eye Health; Vol 79, No 1 (2020); 8 pages 2410-1516 2413-3183 | |
| Language | eng | |
| Relation |
The following web links (URLs) may trigger a file download or direct you to an alternative webpage to gain access to a publication file format of the published article:
https://avehjournal.org/index.php/aveh/article/view/553/1232
https://avehjournal.org/index.php/aveh/article/view/553/1231
https://avehjournal.org/index.php/aveh/article/view/553/1233
https://avehjournal.org/index.php/aveh/article/view/553/1230
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