Undiagnosed metabolic syndrome and other adverse effects among clozapine users of Xhosa descent
South African Journal of Psychiatry
| Field | Value | |
| Title | Undiagnosed metabolic syndrome and other adverse effects among clozapine users of Xhosa descent | |
| Creator | Faasen, N Niehaus, Dana J H Koen, L Jordaan, E | |
| Description | Background. Clozapine use is known to be associated with significant side-effects, including prolongation of the QT-interval, agranulocytosis and metabolic syndrome. However, few data exist on the prevalence of clozapine side-effects in patients of Xhosa descent. Objective. To gather data from Xhosa patients with schizophrenia to establish the prevalence of clozapine side-effects in this population. Methods. Twenty-nine Xhosa patients with schizophrenia (as per the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR)) who had been receiving clozapine treatment for 1 year on an outpatient basis were selected for inclusion. All patients were participating in a genetics study in the Cape Metropolitan area. The participants were evaluated for the presence of side-effects (tests including an electrocardiogram, white blood cell count (WCC) and fasting blood glucose). Results. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 44.8% (95% confidence interval (CI) 26.7 - 62.9) and of undiagnosed diabetes mellitus 13.8% (95% CI 1.24 - 26.34). There was a significant association between metabolic syndrome and body mass index (BMI) (p0.01). The mean (SD) WCC was 7.8 × 109/L (2.8), with 3.4% of the subjects having a WCC 3.5 × 109/L. Sedation (82.8%; 95% CI 69.0 - 96.5), hypersalivation (79.3%; 95% CI 64.6 - 94.1) and constipation (44.8%; 95% CI 26.7 - 62.9) were common. The mean QT-interval was 373.8 (35.9) ms and 10% had a corrected QT-interval 440 ms. There was an association between the duration of clozapine treatment and QT-interval (with Bazett’s correction). Conclusion. The high prevalence of metabolic syndrome and undiagnosed diabetes mellitus in this sample points to a need to monitor glucose levels and BMI on a regular basis. A larger study should be done to accurately quantify the differences in prevalence of side-effects between population groups. | |
| Publisher | AOSIS | |
| Date | 2014-07-30 | |
| Identifier | 10.4102/sajpsychiatry.v20i2.528 | |
| Source | South African Journal of Psychiatry; Vol 20, No 2 (2014); 4 pages 2078-6786 1608-9685 | |
| Language | eng | |
| Relation |
The following web links (URLs) may trigger a file download or direct you to an alternative webpage to gain access to a publication file format of the published article:
https://sajp.org.za/index.php/sajp/article/view/528/467
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